Improvement in lamps



M. H. coLuNs.

Lamp.

,Patented Sept...19, 1865.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

MICHAEL H. COLLINS, OF CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 49,984, dated September 19, 1865.

To all whom fit 'may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL HENRY Con LINS, a resident of Chelsea, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Lamp and l do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specilication and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure l is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a transverse section, of the said lamp. Fig. 3 is a top View, and Figa a side elevation, and Fig. 5 a transverse section, of its cone or detlector and the supporter thereof. Fig. G is a side view of the upper part ot' the wick-tube, and shows the cone arc form thereof.

The main purposes ot' my invention, or the principal part thereof, are not only to keep the glass chimney of the lamp, or, in other words, the lower` part of such chimney, in a cool con dition,so that a person by taking hold of such part with his hand can readily remove the chimney from the rest of the lamp, but to support the chimney without the use of a springcatch and devices such as are ordinarily used.

.ln the drawings, A denotes the lamp body or reservoir for holding the kerosene-oil or Huid used for combustion. B is the wick-tube, which passes up through, is supported by, and fastened to a cup,C, which is screwed into the cap a of the lamp-body. The sides of the cup, where they rise above the screw by which the cup is connected with the cap (t, are perforated or provided with air-inlets b b b. A shaft, c, goes through the cup,and not only carries a milled button, d, on its outer end, but has two spur- Wheels, c e, which enter the wick-tube and the wick and serve to either elevate or depress the latter.

An air-induction annular plate or chimneyrest, D, formed as shown in the drawings, encompasses and extends from the top of the cup C, the outer edge of the said rest vbeing turned up, so as to form a channel for the reception ofthe foot of the glass chimney E. Furthermore, the part f of the chimney-rest, which is within the chimney, is bell-shaped or curved, and foraminous or provided with a series of air-inlets, g g, so arranged as to cause air, when the lamp may be in use, to rushthrough them and against the inner surface of the lower portion t' of the chimney preparatory to such air being carried into and through the umbelliferous cone or deliector F, which surrounds the upper part of the wick-tube, and is arranged above the cup C, and so as to extend out, or nearly out, to the chimney, in manner as shown in the drawings.

The umbelliferous cone or detlector has a series of air passages or slits, h h h, arrangedin it from or near to its edge, and besides such cone or airaleflector is supported by means of curved arms'tt, extending upward from a short tube, lr, which is attached to and encompassed by a circular disk or plate, l, that constitutes a cap or top to the cup C, the said plate Z being perforated with air-holes, as shown at m. The tube It' encompasses and fits upon the wicktube, and serves to give support to the deflector, which also,in turn,aids in supporting the chimney or prevents it from falling from the rest D.

The lower part of the chimney, or that portion i which extends from the deliector to the chimney-rest D, is constructed tubular and cylindrical. Above this part the chimney bulges out,aud nally is contracted to its top in manner as shown in the drawings. Besides making the cone or detlectorF with radial slits h h,eX tending inward from its periphery, as shown 'in Figs. 3 and t, each of the parts between each two slits is curved downward, as shown A in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, and should be made elastic or as a spring, so as to be capable of being sprung downward. This enables the detlector to fit closely to a chimney or to adjust itself thereto. It is difficult to form or make two glass chimneys exactly alike, for there will be small diametric as well as other differences, and therefore it becomes desirable to have the metallic detlector F so constructed that it will readily adapt itself to or fit to different chimneys of the kind shown by Fig. l of the drawings, for unless there be a close lit of such deiiector to the interior surface of any such chimney used on it the chimney will not be properly supported by it. To obtain this support of the chimney, as well as for other purposes, l make the deector with the peripheral springs and with the slits or air-passages between them.

From the above itwill be secu that while the lamp is in operation the air for the dame of the wick will enter the lamp by the oriiices b b andg gg. Theportions ofair which may pass through the orices b b will enter the cup C, and by impinging against that part of the wick-tube Which is Within the said cup will abstract from it much if not all the heat which may be conducted from the iame by the Wick-tube, and, consequently, by reason of this abstraction of heat the lower part of the Wick-tube will be maintained at a very low temperature and oiten quite cool. Afterhaving performed the office of abstracting heat from the Wick-tube, the currents of air which may flow into the cup C will rise and flow out of the cup, or, in other words, will escape therefrom through the holes m m of its cap or cover Z, and from thence will pass into the cone or air-defiector F and to the flame at the top of the Wick. Furthermore, in consequence of thebell-shaped form of the chimney-rest, the current of air which may flow through the holes g g of such chimneyrest will be caused to impinge against the inner surface of the cylindrical part z' of the chimney, in which case these aerial currents will abstract heat therefrom, and keep the chimney or the part t' thereof in a cool state or at such a 10W temperature as to enable it at any time to be seized between the thumb and foren ger of a persons hand Without burning it when it may be desirable to lift the chimney off its rest. The aerial currents, after having thus impinged against the chimney, will How up- Ward,portions of them going into the defiector and other portions going through its orifices h, and from thence to that part of the flame which may project above the deflector.

Having thus described my improved lamp, as made with the cone or deilector separate from the chimney and having the latter extending around and projecting below the said cone and resting ou a perforated support, D, l claim- The improved lamp as not only constructed with its cone or deflector F and its chimneyrest D and chimney arranged with respect to each other, as described, but as having the said deflector provided With peripheral springs, or the same and the slits h 7L, and the said rest D made coucavo-convex, and provided with an annular groove or lip at bottom for support ing the chimney, the Whole being substantially as described and represented.

M. H. ooLLINs.

Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, F. l?. HALE, Jr. 

